What term describes pain that is intensified with exertion and relieved by rest in patients with CAD?

Angina is the term that specifically describes chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood, typically triggered by physical exertion or stress. In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), this type of pain is often experienced when the heart demands more oxygen than the narrowed arteries can supply. The classic presentation of angina includes pain that is intensified during physical activity and relieved upon rest, as resting decreases the heart's oxygen demand.

The other terms do not refer to this specific pattern of pain. Arrhythmia describes irregular heartbeats and is not directly associated with the exertion-relief characteristic of angina. Cardiology refers to the branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the heart and blood vessels, which encompasses various heart conditions, but it is not a descriptor of a specific symptom. Cardiac arrest is the sudden cessation of heart function, leading to the absence of heartbeat and breathing, and is an emergency condition rather than a chronic symptom like angina.

Thus, angina is the most accurate term for the situation described, aligning with the physiological mechanisms involved in coronary artery disease.