What might malodorous urine indicate in a patient?

Malodorous urine can suggest a urinary tract infection (UTI) due to the presence of bacteria in the urinary system. These bacteria produce various byproducts during metabolism, which can lead to a distinct smell in the urine. Additionally, the breakdown of certain substances within the urine as a result of the infection adds to the overall odor. While dehydration can concentrate the urine and lead to a stronger smell, it does not typically impart a foul odor characteristic of infection. Conditions such as diabetes and kidney stones can also result in changes to urine odor, but the strong, often fishy or ammonia-like scent is particularly indicative of a UTI, especially when accompanied by other symptoms such as increased urgency or burning during urination.