How is an upper respiratory infection most often diagnosed?

An upper respiratory infection (URI) is most commonly diagnosed clinically, based on the patient's reported symptoms and physical examination findings. Typical symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, sneezing, and sometimes fever. A healthcare provider evaluates these signs and symptoms without the need for extensive testing since URIs usually have a characteristic presentation that aligns with viral infections like the common cold.

Laboratory tests are generally not required for diagnosis because URIs are often self-limiting and caused primarily by viruses, which do not necessitate specific treatments. Radiographic imaging and biopsy results are not typically used for diagnosing URIs, as they are more suitable for assessing other medical conditions or complications. Thus, the clinical diagnosis is both efficient and appropriate for managing upper respiratory infections.